UPSC Preparation: Important Conventions, Acts, Bodies, Treaties and Protocols

In the international system, it is necessary to follow a common set of regulations for specific issues. This purpose is fulfilled by variegated instruments of international law. India as a nation state in the world system is also a party to some of the agreements and it is necessary to understand India’s role in the formulation and implementation of these agreements on the regional level and the international level from the perspective of the Civil Services Examination.

 

A convention, in brief, could be referred to as an agreement between two or more states which covers certain issues whose nature is less formal than a treaty. An act refers to a written law passed by the Parliament. A body in the legal sense refers to an individual, an entity or an organisation which has been granted legal recognition. A treaty refers to a formally concluded and ratified agreement between two or more nation-states. A protocol constitutes the authentic blueprint of a document which is diplomatic in nature, particularly a treaty agreed which has been agreed to and signed by the parties in a conference. 

 

In the video titled “Conventions, Acts, Bodies, Treaties and Protocols: Part 1” below, Dr. Roman Saini explicates the major conventions, acts, bodies, treaties and protocols in the international system which are relevant for the Civil Services Examination. Dr. Roman deals with the difference between Convention and Protocol, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) aka Bonn Convention, 1983, Ramsar Convention, the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, Montreal Protocol, Minamata Convention on Mercury, Geneva Protocol, Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, Rotterdam Convention, Basel Convention and Convention on Long-Range Trans boundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP).

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